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Charlotte Brontë

Born

in Thornton, Yorkshire, England

April 21, 1816

Died

March 31, 1855

Genre

Literature & Fiction

Influences

Anne Brontë, Emily Brontë ...more

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Charlotte Brontë was an English novelist, the eldest out of the three famous Brontë sisters whose novels have become standards of English literature. See also Emily Brontë and Anne Brontë.

Charlotte Brontë was born in Thornton, Yorkshire, England, the third of six children, to Patrick Brontë (formerly "Patrick Brunty"), an Irish Anglican clergyman, and his wife, Maria Branwell. In April 1820 the family moved a few miles to Haworth, a remote town on the Yorkshire moors, where Patrick had been appointed Perpetual Curate. This is where the Brontë children would spend most of their lives. Maria Branwell Brontë died from what was thought to be cancer on 15 September 1821, leaving five daughters and a son to the care of her spinster sister Elizabe Charlotte Brontë was an English novelist, the eldest out of the three famous Brontë sisters whose novels have become standards of English literature. See also Emily Brontë and Anne Brontë.

Charlotte Brontë was born in Thornton, Yorkshire, England, the third of six children, to Patrick Brontë (formerly "Patrick Brunty"), an Irish Anglican clergyman, and his wife, Maria Branwell. In April 1820 the family moved a few miles to Haworth, a remote town on the Yorkshire moors, where Patrick had been appointed Perpetual Curate. This is where the Brontë children would spend most of their lives. Maria Branwell Brontë died from what was thought to be cancer on 15 September 1821, leaving five daughters and a son to the care of her spinster sister Elizabeth Branwell, who moved to Yorkshire to help the family.

In August 1824 Charlotte, along with her sisters Emily, Maria, and Elizabeth, was sent to the Clergy Daughters' School at Cowan Bridge in Lancashire, a new school for the daughters of poor clergyman (which she would describe as Lowood School in Jane Eyre). The school was a horrific experience for the girls and conditions were appalling. They were regularly deprived of food, beaten by teachers and humiliated for the slightest error. The school was unheated and the pupils slept two to a bed for warmth. Seven pupils died in a typhus epidemic that swept the school and all four of the Brontë girls became very ill - Maria and Elizabeth dying of tuberculosis in 1825. Her experiences at the school deeply affected Brontë - her health never recovered and she immortalised the cruel and brutal treatment in her novel, Jane Eyre. Following the tragedy, their father withdrew his daughters from the school.

At home in Haworth Parsonage, Charlotte and the other surviving children — Branwell, Emily, and Anne — continued their ad-hoc education. In 1826 her father returned home with a box of toy soldiers for Branwell. They would prove the catalyst for the sisters' extraordinary creative development as they immediately set to creating lives and characters for the soldiers, inventing a world for them which the siblings called 'Angria'. The siblings became addicted to writing, creating stories, poetry and plays. Brontë later said that the reason for this burst of creativity was that:

'We were wholly dependent on ourselves and each other, on books and study, for the enjoyments and occupations of life. The highest stimulus, as well as the liveliest pleasure we had known from childhood upwards, lay in attempts at literary composition.'

After her father began to suffer from a lung disorder, Charlotte was again sent to school to complete her education at Roe Head school in Mirfield from 1831 to 1832, where she met her lifelong friends and correspondents, Ellen Nussey and Mary Taylor. During this period (1833), she wrote her novella The Green Dwarf under the name of Wellesley. The school was extremely small with only ten pupils meaning the top floor was completely unused and believed to be supposedly haunted by the ghost of a young lady dressed in silk. This story fascinated Brontë and inspired the figure of Mrs Rochester in Jane Eyre.

Brontë left the school after a few years, however she swiftly returned in 1835 to take up a position as a teacher, and used her wages to pay for Emily and Anne to be taught at the school. Teaching did not appeal to Brontë and in 1838 she left Roe Head to become a governess to the Sidgewick family -- partly from a sense of adventure and a desire to see the world, and partly from financial necessity.

Charlotte became pregnant soon after her wedding, but her health declined rapidly and, according to biographer Elizabeth Gaskell, she was attacked by "sensations of perpetual nausea and ever-recurring faintness." She died, with her unborn child, on 31 March 1855. ...more

Combine Editions
Charlotte Brontë’s books

Average rating: 4.03 · 4,057,922 ratings · 127,798 reviews · 1,762 distinct works • Similar authors

	Jane Eyre 4.15 avg rating — 2,223,212 ratings — published 1847 — 10761 editions	Error rating book. Refresh and try again. Rate this book Clear rating 1 of 5 stars 2 of 5 stars 3 of 5 stars 4 of 5 stars 5 of 5 stars
	Villette 3.78 avg rating — 77,183 ratings — published 1853 — 291 editions	Error rating book. Refresh and try again. Rate this book Clear rating 1 of 5 stars 2 of 5 stars 3 of 5 stars 4 of 5 stars 5 of 5 stars
	Shirley 3.75 avg rating — 35,689 ratings — published 1849 — 1602 editions	Error rating book. Refresh and try again. Rate this book Clear rating 1 of 5 stars 2 of 5 stars 3 of 5 stars 4 of 5 stars 5 of 5 stars
	The Professor 3.54 avg rating — 28,144 ratings — published 1857 — 253 editions	Error rating book. Refresh and try again. Rate this book Clear rating 1 of 5 stars 2 of 5 stars 3 of 5 stars 4 of 5 stars 5 of 5 stars
	Emma by Charlotte Brontë (Creator), Constance Savery 4.04 avg rating — 6,450 ratings — published 1860 — 4 editions	Error rating book. Refresh and try again. Rate this book Clear rating 1 of 5 stars 2 of 5 stars 3 of 5 stars 4 of 5 stars 5 of 5 stars
	The Works of Charlotte and Emily Bronte 4.35 avg rating — 3,900 ratings — published 1920 — 24 editions	Error rating book. Refresh and try again. Rate this book Clear rating 1 of 5 stars 2 of 5 stars 3 of 5 stars 4 of 5 stars 5 of 5 stars
	Jane Eyre / Les Hauts de Hurle-Vent / Agnes Grey 4.29 avg rating — 1,935 ratings — published 1847 — 79 editions	Error rating book. Refresh and try again. Rate this book Clear rating 1 of 5 stars 2 of 5 stars 3 of 5 stars 4 of 5 stars 5 of 5 stars
	Джейн Эйр by Charlotte Brontë, Шарлотта Бронте, Ирина Гурова (Translator) 4.34 avg rating — 633 ratings — 32 editions	Error rating book. Refresh and try again. Rate this book Clear rating 1 of 5 stars 2 of 5 stars 3 of 5 stars 4 of 5 stars 5 of 5 stars
	Poems by Currer, Ellis, and Acton Bell by Charlotte Brontë, Emily Brontë, Anne Brontë 3.94 avg rating — 683 ratings — published 1848 — 187 editions	Error rating book. Refresh and try again. Rate this book Clear rating 1 of 5 stars 2 of 5 stars 3 of 5 stars 4 of 5 stars 5 of 5 stars
	Tales of Angria by Charlotte Brontë, Heather Glen (Editor) 3.76 avg rating — 514 ratings — published 1839 — 9 editions	Error rating book. Refresh and try again. Rate this book Clear rating 1 of 5 stars 2 of 5 stars 3 of 5 stars 4 of 5 stars 5 of 5 stars

More books by Charlotte Brontë…

Series by Charlotte Brontë

Jane Eyre 2 volumes (2 books)
by

Charlotte Brontë,

نوشین ابراهیمی (Translator)

4.27 avg rating — 642 ratings

Jane Eyre (3 volumes) (3 books)
by

Charlotte Brontë,

حلمي مراد (مترجم)

4.21 avg rating — 651 ratings

La saga de Verdópolis (2 books)
by

Charlotte Brontë,

Libby Purves (Foreword)

3.22 avg rating — 268 ratings

El reino de Angria (3 books)
by

Charlotte Brontë,

Paula García Manchón (Translator)

3.02 avg rating — 264 ratings

Villette (2 volumes) (2 books)
by

Charlotte Brontë,

Lucian Popa (Translator)

3.69 avg rating — 91 ratings

More series by Charlotte Brontë…

You may know actress Jenny Slate from her role as Mona-Lisa Saperstein on Parks and Recreation. Or maybe your introduction to her was through one...

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Which film adaptation of JANE EYRE is your favorite?

2006 version starring Toby Stephens and Ruth Wilson

10 votes, 45.5%

2011 version starring Mia Wasikowska and Michael Fassbender

6 votes, 27.3%

1996 version starring William Hurt and Charlotte Gainsbourg

3 votes, 13.6%

1983 version starring Timothy Dalton and Zelah Clarke

2 votes, 9.1%

1943 version starring Orson Welles and Joan Fontaine

1 vote, 4.5%

1970 version starring George C. Scott and Susannah York

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1997 version starring Ciaran Hinds and Samantha Morton

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1973 version starring Sorcha Cusack and Michael Jayston

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1956 version starring Stanley Baker and Daphne Slater

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1934 version starring Colin Clive and Virginia Bruce

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