Celeste Ng's Reviews > The Good Earth
The Good Earth (House of Earth, #1)
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It's difficult for me to explain how much I hate this book, and even harder to explain why. I don't think it's just because I hated the main character so much, and in this case at least, I don't think it's because of the weirdness that arises from a Westerner writing about a colonized country.
I do know that *part* of my intense dislike for this book comes from how it is viewed by other people (usually non-Chinese). Read the reviews and you'll see one word come up over and over again: "portrait." Says one reviewer, "In addition to lovely, rich writing, the novel provided much-needed Chinese history, class and culture lessons." Am I the only person whose hackles go up when someone refers refers to a novel like a textbook? Of course there is some historical fact in The Good Earth, and in other novels, but I have a serious problem with people conflating (and equating) fiction and history. While there's some truth in the book's portrayal, it perpetuates a lot of stereotypes about the Chinese. What's more, this book has shaped a lot of people's perceptions of China and the Chinese, not necessarily for the better. I know this happens with other cultures--but often to a greater extent with The Good Earth. Do we read Anna Karenina and feel that we now know everything about Russia? Does anyone read Midnight's Children as a straight-up account of Indian history? Yet for some reason, for a lot of people The Good Earth is *it*, the one lesson in Chinese culture and history that they will read in their lives. They end up thinking, "This is how China IS," not "This is a portrayal of how one part of China was at one point in time."
Of course, most of the above complaint about this book has to do with the reactions of the people reading it, not with the book itself. But I think there's something in how the book is pitched, and in the narrative itself, that invites that. As a story of love, partnership, and sacrifice in a marriage and family--this book does well. But it's not THE portrait of China that many readers unfortunately make it out to be.
For more thoughts on this, see my post at the Huffington Post:
http://www.huffingtonpost.com/celeste...
I do know that *part* of my intense dislike for this book comes from how it is viewed by other people (usually non-Chinese). Read the reviews and you'll see one word come up over and over again: "portrait." Says one reviewer, "In addition to lovely, rich writing, the novel provided much-needed Chinese history, class and culture lessons." Am I the only person whose hackles go up when someone refers refers to a novel like a textbook? Of course there is some historical fact in The Good Earth, and in other novels, but I have a serious problem with people conflating (and equating) fiction and history. While there's some truth in the book's portrayal, it perpetuates a lot of stereotypes about the Chinese. What's more, this book has shaped a lot of people's perceptions of China and the Chinese, not necessarily for the better. I know this happens with other cultures--but often to a greater extent with The Good Earth. Do we read Anna Karenina and feel that we now know everything about Russia? Does anyone read Midnight's Children as a straight-up account of Indian history? Yet for some reason, for a lot of people The Good Earth is *it*, the one lesson in Chinese culture and history that they will read in their lives. They end up thinking, "This is how China IS," not "This is a portrayal of how one part of China was at one point in time."
Of course, most of the above complaint about this book has to do with the reactions of the people reading it, not with the book itself. But I think there's something in how the book is pitched, and in the narrative itself, that invites that. As a story of love, partnership, and sacrifice in a marriage and family--this book does well. But it's not THE portrait of China that many readers unfortunately make it out to be.
For more thoughts on this, see my post at the Huffington Post:
http://www.huffingtonpost.com/celeste...
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Ruth
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Nov 10, 2007 10:38PM

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I think the world of literature would loose a great genre if we eliminated historical fiction.

I agree--as long as it's well researched. Problem is, some of it's not--this is fiction, after all; you're allowed to make stuff up--and many people don't bother to find out.
I think people are smart enough to differentiate between fiction, option, perspective and actual events, and I don't think this is the sole source on information about China for anyone.
I'd really like to think so too. But I'm always surprised. As a reader and a writer and a teacher, I'm amazed at how few people read fiction with their critical-thinking hats on.
You'd have to be blind and live in a hole if this is the only source of Chinese history you've been exposed to.
Or live in one of the many, many areas of the U.S. where Asians make up a tiny fraction of the population, and your only contact with Chinese culture is through takeout. Again, you'd be surprised. I often underestimate how many people fall into this category, too. That is, until I actually visit such places, or meet such people, and get reminded. Chinese culture and history aren't part of most school curricula, let alone a presence in most people's lives--though this *is* slowly changing. In several generations, who knows?
I do there there are better books out there to learn about history from---"Wild Swans: Three Daughters of China", for example.
I agree completely. But this depends on the reader being interested enough to actually find out more in the first place--and on that reader recognizing that the novel might NOT be capital-H History. FWIW, "Wild Swans" is nonfiction, and for all too many readers, fiction is the *exact same* history, just told in a more palatable form.
I think the world of literature would loose a great genre if we eliminated historical fiction.
Did I say this? I didn't think I did, and I certainly didn't mean to imply it. I guess I can only reiterate what I said originally: "Most of the above complaint about this book has to do with the reactions of the people reading it, not with the book itself. But I think there's something in how the book is pitched, and in the narrative itself, that invites that."

And no, you never suggested eliminating it; I just took it to the next level.

Fair enough. I also live in a very educated and diverse area--and have been lucky enough to have lived in places like that all my life. So I take it for granted sometimes too. This is probably why I'm so surprised when I meet people who honestly have never met people of another culture, any other culture, and aren't even curious about it!
But I do expect it will change, slowly. It's getting harder and harder now to live your whole life without interacting with another culture, in real life or print--and I think that's a good thing.

"I hate this book, I don't know why. Oh wait, I don't like people writing about cultures that they aren't subject to."
End.

Sorry you didn't get much from the review. I think you must have missed this part--"[I:]n this case at least, I don't think it's because of the weirdness that arises from a Westerner writing about a colonized country." Because actually, I don't have a problem with "people writing about cultures they aren't subject to" as long as the novel that emerges is convincing. (Take White Ghost Girls, by Alice Greenway, for an example of a non-Chinese person writing an amazing, complex, and for me, fully convincing novel about Hong Kong in the 1960s.) For me, The Good Earth just wasn't convincing as a piece of fiction, regardless of where it's set.
You might also have missed my long paragraph in the middle about my concerns over people conflating novels with history textbooks, since that's my biggest problem with The Good Earth. As I pointed out in my original post, this is mostly to do with how people react to the book, rather than how the book is written.
In fact, in reading over my review, I don't see any place where I said anything about "people writing about cultures that they aren't subject to." That criteria also hardly applies to Pearl S. Buck, who spent a large part of her life in China.
Thanks for the comment, though. I'm actually delighted to know that I'm capable of mumbo-jumbo!


Hi Steven,
Thanks for writing. Yes, I am aware that Pearl Buck grew up in China--I don't think I ever implied that she didn't know what she was talking about, but if I did that was not my intent. And yes, I'm keenly aware that it is not entirely, or even mostly, her fault when people make more of the book thsn they should: "...most of the above complaint about this book has to do with the reactions of the people reading it, not with the book itself. " Writers write the books they fele the need to write, in the ways that feel right to them, and what readers make of it is a whole other subject.

It is also true of the first generation culture of Chinese women in San Francisco as written by Amy Tan. Thanks for reminding me that this is fiction.

Sheila, when I got Goodreads's notification that I had a comment, I was *sure* this was going to be another message saying "How DARE you criticize The Good Earth? It taught me everything I know about China... and that's all I NEED to know!" So you can imagine how relieved I was to see that you got my point.
And you're absolutely right; this tends to happen with books written by "outsiders." When we're familiar with the culture, we're able to see gradations and make distinctions and recognize individuals. When we're not familiar with the culture, we tend to assume that everyone is alike. (I think psychologists call this "outgroup homogeneity bias.") And that's the basis of sterotyping--not to mention the exact opposite of what fiction usually tries to do: open you up.
Thanks so much for your thoughtful comment.


As an ethnic Chinese person (are you Chinese too?) I didn't feel particularly offended when I read The Good Earth. And you know what? It DID teach me a lot about the country where I was born. I was able to connect with the housing and family arrangements, the crops (which, incidentally, reminded me of the time I helped my grandma pick snow peas), etc. It was also fun to match up the Chinese names and words with their pronunciations and characters. So for me, it was enriching, and I don't see why you should be so rankled when others feel a bit more knowledgeable about China after they've read this.
After all, the reviewer that you called out only said that the lessons in culture, history and class hidden within the Good Earth were "much-needed." Is he or she calling The Good Earth a valuable history textbook? In my opinion, probably not. I actually thought the reviewer was pointing out that The Good Earth presented China from a point of view that is often missed or overlooked.
Anyway, with all the "Made-in-China" labels we see everywhere, I don't know how anyone could think that the China portrayed in the Good Earth is the China of today.

Thanks for writing. I actually dislike the book itself (the story and the writing )personally, which is mostly why I gave it one star, but that's purely a matter of taste. Plenty of people I know do like it. I chose to focus the review on the context of the book--namely, what it appears to be doing and how it is often received by its readers--because those are to me more interesting and more important.
From what you write, you seem to have more background knowledge about Chinees culture than many. You noted that you were able to "connect" with the housing and family arrangements, the language, etc. Which is great! But I'd guess that there were also aspects of the book which didn't reflect your personal experience of the culture, and which you were able to separate from "fact" because of your background knowledge. Sadly, many readers don't have the background knowledge to do that, and they take the entire book as being factual and each character's actions as representative of all Chinese people. THAT is where I have a problem.
I imagine you're skeptical. And I wish I could be as optimistic as you are about people realizing that the China portrayed in The Good Earth is not the China of today. I mean, the book was written in the 1930s! And yet, take a look at many of the reviews on Amazon or of Goodreads: many readers conflate that 1930s, *fictionalized* China with Chinese culture and society today. Want more proof? Take a look at the page for Oprah's book club, which chose The Good Earth as a selection in 2004:
- From the first page: "Published in 1931, The Good Earth is still many readers' first glimpse at the inner life of China and its people." Note that it's not "the inner life of China and its people as they were in the 1930s." No, that really implies "as they still are today."
- from the first question page: "In Chapter Nine, Wang Lung cries recklessly, 'Oh, you are too wicked, you Old Man in Heaven!' Talk about this in relation to other religious elements in the book so far. What does the Chinese attitude towards religion seem to be?" If this question isn't encouraging readers to make generalizations about an entire culture based on one fictional character, I don't know what is. And again, notice that it uses the present tense: "What does the Chinese attitude towards religion seem to be?"--implying that these attitudes are still true now.
- from the third page of questions: "Much of the latter part of the novel is taken up with death, marriage and procreation. Discuss what you have learned from this book about the Chinese culture in relation to these major life milestones." It's hard to argue here that this book isn't being treated like a textbook on Chinese culture. Or that any real distinction is being made between "the China portrayed in The Good Earth" and "the China of today."
I could go on--but perhaps you see my point? Yes, this is only one site about The Good Earth, but keep in mind this is Oprah's book club, which has millions of followers, and which propelled this book back to the top of the bestseller lists. These questions actively encourage readers to look at the novel--a MADE-UP book--as if it's a history text, and to make generalizations from the novel to "the China of today." And sadly, that's pretty typical of most readings of the book I've seen. Those "Made in China" labels don't seem to be getting the point across. Oddly, I can't think of many other books that are this old that are still treated as if they are current history.
Incidentally, I find it fascinating that this book (or is it the review?) stirs up such strong reactions--such strong reactions, in fact, that people keep writing in to defend their right to conflate fiction with history, and the right to make generalizations about a culture based on a 70-year-old novel. I'm in the middle of writing a piece for The Huffington Post about this very topic and will post the link here when it's up.

I'd say she's just as much of a Chinese native as a Westerner. She holds that the book is an accurate depiction of how life was for some and I trust it enough.

Yes, I know: Pearl S. Buck knew a lot about China. (See above, #12). But even if someone knows about a subject, it doesn't mean that they necessarily choose to depict it accurately--fiction writers choose to distort, exaggerate, and plain old make up things for all kinds of artistic reasons.
Likewise, even when writers do intend to portray things accurately, it doesn't mean they succeed. I'm not criticizing Pearl S. Buck specifically here, but writing, by its very nature, is subjective; that goes double for fiction, which--can I repeat this enough?--is NOT honor-bound to stick to the facts.
And finally, even if we grant that the book is an accurate description of China as it was in Pearl S. Buck's time, that doesn't imply it still is today. William Faulkner wrote As I Lay Dying in 1930, one year before The Good Earth Came out. Is it fair to assume that book is (still) representative of the south today, let alone all of America? I sure hope not...

To me, the book is good fiction; I wasn't looking to be educated on the topic of China. The fiction itself could be about any culture; we here in the western world can look around us and find many families like theirs where the woman works her guts out, yet still is as little appreciated as the good earth on which the man is toiling.
I do not like the way a newborn's worth is merited by way of being male or female, but that's exactly how many people view things. Not everyone, however, comes right out and admits - a boy would have been better.
Mind you, in a country that severely oppresses its female population, a woman would be expected to favour a male's birth. I, for one, wouldn't like to give birth to a girl in a culture where the child is going to be used for a slave to men, or a man's family.
But 'The Good Earth', as a piece of fiction, in my opinion is excellent. When I mark off my 1 to 5 star, that is what I have in mind - how it worked out as a read. A good read? A poor read? Good writing? Bad writing?
I am not judging what people are expected to think, or what they do think. I'm judging the novel itself - good or bad.

And I guess, being Chinese, would give one a different viewpoint on a book. Furthermore, being a Chinese MAN would give one a different viewpoint.
In A Thousand Splendid Suns, I wonder how it was taken by people who actually live (or lived) in the middle east; did some of the men throw back their heads and laugh after reading the book? Did they turn to their brothers and say - are you kidding? My wife rules the damn household!
And it may be that people from the middle-east who have long lived here in Canada or the US feel exactly that way.
I wonder how the women themselves feel about it.
You take a book that's written right here in North America, by a NA author, with the scenario right here in New York or Toronto . . . depending on how the author views his/her life, will affect the characters in the novel.
Hypothetically speaking, let's say the heroine is a woman in Brooklyn; her husband's a bloody lout who gambles away his paycheck and bullies his wife out of anything she herself earns on booze and gambling.
Wouldn't someone from another country, who has never been the the US say to their wife/husband or friend 'hey! Lookee here! See what they do in New York? Now that's just awful!
Or, let's say it's a book where the heroine in the book does really well in life - great husband, lovely, healthy kids, good parents and inlaws, yet she doesn't appreciate any of it - just complains and rants on about how she doesn't get her way about this that and the other thing.
Someone who isn't familiar with the people or our customs could say 'oh, Lordy! Look at the way their women carry on!'
Well, I think that's the way it is here in Pearl Buck's book. Not every family in that community is like the husband in our book; not every wife in that community is like the wife.
Isn't that made clear when he is critical of the way his uncle/cousin raises his daughters? They're allowed to run around town socializing with men right in front of everybody.
It is with these thoughts in mind that I disagree with the reviewer here; I do not think the author is intending to give a stereotyped view of China and its people.

;-)

I have just posted more thoughts on this topic (and this book) on the Huffington Post, here:
http://www.huffingtonpost.com/celeste...
And yes, let's hope that those in other countries are perceptive enough to realize that not every American is like Tiger Woods!

As a point of interest, here's some of the opinion on this book from one Chinese person, author Anchee Min:
http://www.npr.org/templates/story/story.php?storyId=125682489
and as a by the way, Min's memoir, Red Azalea, is another great lesson about China... but again, only one more
EDIT: And as an added note upon reading some of the discussion here, you might be surprised at the level of technology (or lack thereof) still present in rural areas of China. The cities and the countryside truly experience very different lifestyles. One has only to look at the current drought in the southwest and the fact that many city-dwellers are only vaguely aware of how bad it really is at present, while village families are struggling along on very very small daily water rations. I don't think that Buck's book can really be viewed as inaccurate, though, again, only representing a sliver of the Chinese experience and culture, which can be both wonderful and incredibly complex.

So while I'm still hesitant to point anyone towards ANY piece of fiction for a "lesson" about any culture--because again, fiction is not bound to facts, and not necessarily intended to "teach" you anything!--reading a variety of books for a variety of viewpoints is at least a slightly better method. It's kind of a blind-men-and-the-elephant scenario: look at too small a section, and your perceptions may be way off.

Actually, many of my Chinese friends who have read it think it is very, very good.
It shouldn't be faulted because some readers have inflexible ideas about morality. Your argument seems to be that the author's delivery of the story, while an accurate portrayal of a time and a place, doesn't do enough to prepare the reader's for the cultural differences many Western readers encounter. It doesn't do enough to disclaim itself? It's a novel. It's kind of a hard sell - it's entirely up to a reader how much they can stretch their mind and how much they can accept.
Two options: dumb down the characters to be more Western in nature so that Westerners can bond and identify with them emotionally (this would compromise accuracy), or turn the novel into a history and cultural lesson, to the point where it's no longer really a story.
Isn't the real problem just that there isn't more literature on life in China?

It was actually quite revolutionary, especially since it was written by a Westerner (because back then, you can't believe anything a Chinese person could say).


Actually, many of my Chinese friends who have read it think i..."
Well spoken


I think my point is this: self-centered, close-minded people will jump to self-centered, close-minded conclusions no matter what book they read. If a person believes she has a deep understanding of the culture of a sixth of the worlds population based on one book, I think it's pretty clear the problem is not in the book.
I will not argue with your feelings about the book; they are your own. I will say that it seems that your view of the book was significantly colored by your take on it's significance to others. Of course, I can definitely imagine feeling this way myself; people read a book about the Southern US and think they know about my culture? Ridiculous. That said, my dislike of western novels has nothing to do with the fact that I have met people from many different countries who truly believed that everyone in Texas is a cowboy and rides a horse until they met me.
All that said, I was wondering if you have read American Shaolin, a much more light hearted autobiographical novel written by a white man. If so, your take?

But you repeated that the one star had indeed been awarded on the merit of the novel itself. As the reviews published here are meant to help choose books, they are supposed to be rational, not irrational. So why do you "hate this book"? Is it the main character Wang Lung, whom you "hated...so much"? If so, then again why? Is it his unfaithfulness to his primary wife? If so please consider that polygamy had always been customary, moral, and "lawful" in China, up to ~1950. In Wang Lung’s time, there was NO such concept as to be a SHAME to recruit concubines, even in the common women—They unfortunately could not imagine any better situation then.
By the way, I use the word "shame" instead of "sin", because there was not, and still is not, the notion of "sin" in the true religious sense in the Chinese as a people, who has always been nonreligious, which is a quite unique case in humanity.

If I were you, I would take your own advice and realize that, a lot has happened since 1930 and so you need not feel that this book is addressing modern China. I certainly do not. I think I would just enjoy the book for what it is, a compelling book told in a certain setting. Then understand that there are always those who are going to eat a taco and suddenly call themselves an expert on all things mexican. Its part of the list of human traits that are ever present and always disappointing. But you can at least be comforted that caricatures or misplaced popular symbols for various cultures and people are universal but they do not fool the average person with a real passion for the truth. its really rather futile to worry too much media that you feel is misleading about a topic, unless you see a clear organized pattern of cultural slur going on for possibly other more organize nefarious purposes. Otherwise, the normal course of discussion will separate the wheat from the chaff. At least that is what I think.







My book group just finished reading and discussing Genghis Khan and the Making of the Modern World. We in the West have no clue who Genghis Khan was or the people from whom he came. In our grammer and high school education we are taught virtually nothing about him or the Mongols and their contributions to civilization. We were only taught how uncivilized they were. Jack Weatherford obviously does not tell the whole story in his book either but I believe if we read enough non-fiction and read even enough fiction where often great truths are contained, what is true eventually reveals itself.
You wrote a very passionate review and for that I liked it. But I have to wonder where you are coming from. This seemed more about something else than the review of a book. I think where we differ the most is that for you this was a book about Chinese, for me, it was a book about all of us.


Robert, I really agree with your point here and I think Buck is skillful enough to communicate that to most of her readers. I'm shocked that someone was immune to her totally insightful writing!






- well, in my opinion this book is about the human life. People are not "black&white", there is a bit of everything in every human. First I found Celeste's review ridiculous, now I think that sentence explains her opinion. Maybe its just because I am probably much older.
